Temple City of Assam, India
Photo: Rangan Datta Wiki, CC BY-SA 4.0 via Wikimedia Commons
Sibsagar or Sivasagar (Assamese: শিৱসাগৰ) is a city in Upper Assam. Sibsagar is famous for its monuments of the Ahom kingdom. It also houses the burial sites of Ahom kings, known as Moidam, a Heritage Site. Now it is a multi-cultural city.
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Gourisagar Tank is an artificial lake dating back to the Ahom dynasty. It was excavated between 1715 and 1719 by Queen Phuleswari, the chief consort of Ahom King Siva Singha, also known as Sutanpha (reign: 1714 – 44). On the northern banks of the lake lie three temples. Devi Dol, Shiva Dol and Vishnu Dol. The exterior walls of all the three Gaurisagra temple are embellished with carved bas-relief sculptures portraying various divine figures.The temples are located inside a bazzar (market) area, which is very congested. It is best to park the car on the main road and walk in.
The biggest of the group, consecrated to Goddess Durga. The temple consists of a garbagriha (sanctum sanctorum) and mandap. The sanctum sanctorum is toppew with an elegant nagara-sikhara (spire). The main spire is accompanied by four smaller miniature spires (angashikhara). A rectangular outdoor assembly hall (mandap) capped with a do-chala (two-roofed hut) occupies the front part of the temple.
Very similar to the nearby Devi Dol but smaller in size. It follows a similar floor plan with a similar spire.
This is located west of the Shiva Dol and has a similar floor plan. The spire differs from the other two, and the honeycomb design is similar to the one in Kamayakha.
The Ahom-era stone bridge was built in 1703 by the Ahom king Rudra Singha. It runs over the Namdang river, a tributary of the Dikhou river. The bridge is on NH 37 and connects Jorhat with Sibsagar. The bridge spans 60 m in length, 6-6.5 m in width and stands about 1.7 m high. It has six culvert for the water passage.
Rudrasagar Shiva Dol
Construction of the temple began in 1773 during the reign of the Ahom king (reign: 1769 – 80) and was completed during the reign of Gaurinath Singha (1780 – 94). It holds immense historical significance as the last major temple built during the Ahom era. The temple follows the traditional Nilachal style, complete with the garbagriha (sanctum sanctorum) and mandap. It follows the pancha-ratha along with angashikhara.
It was once the natural zoo of the Ahom Kings. It was an initiative of Rudra Singha during 1696-1714. It was built for animals including rhinoceros, deer, tigers and elephants. Today, the area is home to several migratory birds. Flocks of Siberain Pelican, Glossy Ibis, Bar-headed goose, Greylag Goose and numerous other species arrive in Pohu Garh during the month of November and December.
The lake was excavated in 1697 in a record 45 days by Ahom King Rudra Singha (reign:1696 – 1714), in honor of his mother, Joymoti Konwari. On the northern banks of the lake stands the Joysagar Vishnu and Shiva Dol. On the western bank stands the Joysagar Devi Dol and Ghanashyam’s House.
Keshavnarayan Vishnu
Constructed in 1698 by Ahom king Swargadeo Rudra Singha (1696–1714) in honour and memory of his mother Joymoti. The temple follows the traditional Nilachal style, complete with the garbagriha (sanctum sanctorum) and mandap. It has a honeycomb-style spire, similar to the one in Kamayakha. The exterior walls of the main shrine are carved with various incarnations of Vishnu, other deities, animals and hunting scenes. A thatched metal shed has been added in front of the mandap of the temple. The temple complex also houses 3 do-chala structures. Two are at the back of the temple and one is on the side. The side one has a do-chala extension.
Vaidya Natha
It was built in 1698 by the Ahom King Rudra Singha (reign: 1696 – 1714). It has a central pinnacle along with 4 corners pinnacles. The entrance is through a do-chala mandap. The outer wall has niches in the wall containing stucco figurines representing various aspects of Lord Siva. The complex also has a do-chal structure north-west of the main shrine.
Again, a creation of Ahom King Rudra Singha (reign: 1696 – 1714). This temple stands on the west bank of Joysagara, near the north-west corner. The temple follows the do-chala architecture style with a do-chala mandap.
Nati Gosain dol
It is an early 18th-century brick temple built during the reign of the king Rudra Singha dedicated to the architect Ghanashyam. The temple was constructed by one Ghanasyamuddin Khanikar, later renamed as Ghanashyam. It is believed that Ghanashyam was earlier a Muslim who converted to Hinduism. As a result the temple is a mixture of Hindu and Muslim architectural elements. The brick-built temple has rich terracotta ornamentation. The temple is located inside the Swargadeo Rudrasingha Udyan Complex. For access to the temple, entry tickets and camera charges of the park are to be paid
Jagadhatri Doul was built during the period of Swargadeo Shiva Singha. The brother of Phuleswari Kunwori, Harinath Borpatra Gohain worshipped Jagadhatri Devi. Neraby is a Vishnu Doul constructed by Hari Nath Borpatra Gohain during the time of Swargadeo Shiva Singha (1774-1744)
Fakuwa Doul was constructed by Swargadeo Rudra Singha in remembrance of his mother Queen Joymati Kunwari, between 1703 and 1704 A.D. Although considered a temple, locals believe it to be a maidam, a burial chamber of Ahom royals. It is believed to be a burial chamber of Queen Joymati, the patriotic wife of Swargadeo Gadadhar Singha. The pyramidical structure stands on an octagonal base. Four sets of stairs lead to the top, housing the shrine.
Built in 1703 by Sukhrungphaa, the 30th Ahom king. The Shiva temple houses a lingam. A do-chala mandapa is attached to the sanctum. A newly built shed is attached to the do-chala mandap.
This is a brick-built temple constructed during the reign of the Ahom king Swargadeo Rajeswar Singha (1751 – 1769 AD). The inner sanctum of the temple follows the do-chala style and is attached with a do-chala pavilion. The temple is profusely ornamented, with the upper part of the outerwall containing floral designs.
Built by Rajeswara Singha (AD 1751-1769). All the rooms were connected with small passages. Talatal ghar had three storeys underground and four storeys above ground. The remains of this palace is standing tall in Sivasagar town. Though top levels of the palace having wooden works are completely destroyed. All the rooms were connected with small passages. Similarly the underground levels are closed for tourists. Bortop (guns) preserved in Talatal Ghar.
An ammunition storehouse used by the Ahom Kings. It was built during the reign of Chakradhwaj Singha (1663-1669 AD). It represents a rectangular brick hut with a two-layered (do-chala) roof. It has been renovated as a museum gallery. It displays various weapons, arms, armour, process of making gunpowder
ৰংঘৰ Roṁghor
A two-storied building, which was the royal sports-pavilion from which the Ahom kings and nobles witnessed games like buffalo fights and other sports at the Rupahi Pathar (pathar meaning field in Assamese) specially during Rangali Bihu festival in the Ahom capital, Rangpur. On the roof of the Rang Ghar is a design of an Ahom royal long boat. The building was constructed during the reign of Swargadeo Pramatta Singha in 1746. It is northeast of the Talatal Ghar, a multi-storied royal complex in Joysagar west of Sivasagar town, on the other side of the Assam Trunk (AT) Road in Sibsagar district in Assam.
The Rang Ghar is said to be the oldest amphitheatre in Asia. The base of the monument has a series of arched entrances and atop the roof is a decorative pair of carved stone crocodiles. In many of these, only the brick framework exists with vestiges of sculptural adornments here and there. The Ahoms, who used special thin baked bricks, did not have the use of cement and, therefore, used a paste of rice and eggs as mortar for their construction.
Boro Pukhori
The lake dates back to 1734 and was an initiative of Queen Ambika, wife of Ahom King Siva Singha (reign:1714 – 44). On the southern bank of the lake stands the Siva, Devi and Vishnu Dol. Queen Ambika also constructed the temples. Like the other temples of Sivasagar, these are also active temples, but unlike the others, they are visited by a large number of devotees every year.
Boro Pukhori
Standing at 32 m it is the tallest of the temples in the Sivasagar region. The spire of the pancha-rath structure is accompanied by four smaller miniature spires (angashikhara) positioned precisely in the four cardinal directions. The mandap is of char-chala style. A thatched metal shed has been added in front of the mandap of the temple.
Boro Pukhori
The Devi Dol is located west of the Shiva Dol, and both temples face south. Here the mandap is do-chala and has a thatched metal shed extension. The spire has vertical ridges and has 8 turrets (2 each on 4 sides).
This temple lies on the eastern part of the complex and faces west. The spire is built in honey comb style with 8 turrets.
The 1992 museum showcases a fascinating repository providing an insight into the grandeur of the Ahom dynasty. From ornate goblets to ceremonial palanquins to swords, shields, canons from the Ahom royals. Beyond the royal collection, the museum exhibits items of everyday life for Assamese people, including fishing and hunting equipment. The museum also showcases a rich collection of rare manuscripts.
Garhgaon Palace
Considered the finest example of Ahom architecture, it served as the administrative building of the kingdom. It was built of wood up to the reign of Swargadeo Pramatta Singha, 1751 AD. But Swargadeo Rajeswar Singha built the present permanent structure in 1752 AD with seven storied palace made of bricks and boulders.
Garhgaon Palace
which probably functioned as a store house.
Vishnu Doul, Namti is a brick-built temple constructed by Namatial Bhagati Barbarua in the year 1775 A.D. during the reign of Swargadeo Gourinath Singha (1780 -1794)
Provides an insight into the rituals of Ahom royal burial. The museum displays items recovered from the excavation of maidams, which include human bones, gold and ivory items.
Opposite Bus Stand
The lodge is operated by Department of Tourism and Assam Tourism Development Corporation Limited.
Auto rickshaws can provide access to the temples and Ahom-era structures within the city. For beyond the city, a hired car is essential. Cars can be arranged by hotels and local tour operators.
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