Municipality and largest city in China
Photo: Jiaqian AirplaneFan, CC BY 3.0 via Wikimedia Commons
Shanghai (上海; Zånhae in Shanghainese, Shànghǎi in Mandarin) is the most developed city in China, the country's main center for finance and fashion, and one of the world's most populous and important cities. Shanghai is a fascinating mix of East and West. It has historic shikumen (石库门) houses that blend the styles of Chinese houses with European design flair, and it has one of the richest collections of Art Deco buildings in the world. There were concessions (designated districts) controlled by Western powers in the late 19th and early 20th century, so many neighbourhoods have buildings in various Western styles. Shanghai is split in two by the Huangpu River (黄浦江 Huángpǔ Jiāng), which divides the city into Puxi (浦西 Pǔxī), west of the river, and Pudong (浦东 Pǔdōng), east of the river. Both terms can be used in a general sense for everything on their side of the river, including various suburbs. However, they are more often used in a much narrower sense where Puxi is the older (since the 19th century) city center (#Downtown below) and Pudong the mass of new (since 1990) high-rise development right across the river from there (#Pudong below).
The most central district of Shanghai with the Bund (a riverside boulevard that is lined with stately colonial buildings), People's Park (often considered the center of the city), and many other attractions. The red area on the map shows what our Huangpu article covers, excluding two areas that are administered as part of Huangpu but are covered in other articles here. The Old City has its own article and we cover Luwan as part of the French Concession.
This area was a walled city for nearly a thousand years before modern Shanghai developed around it; the wall is long gone, replaced by a ring road. The area has quite a few traditional Chinese-style buildings including some of the city's most important temples, and a fine classical Chinese garden. It also has much tourist-oriented shopping and is a major draw for both Chinese and foreign tourists, less so for Shanghai residents.
The center of this area is a magnificent Buddhist temple more than 1500 years old; today there is a major metro station under it. The area is now one of the most built-up in the city with much upmarket shopping and extensive high-rise development — commercial, residential and office — including many of the foreign consulates.
With a fine Catholic cathedral and other beautiful colonial buildings, now also with many up-market high-rise residential and office buildings and several large malls. The area has much of the city's shopping — including high-end international brands, boutiques for local designers, and outlets for artists and craftspeople — and much of its nightlife as well. Our French Concession article covers all of the official district Xuhui, much of which was in the old concession though the southern parts were not. It also covers Luwan, which is no longer an official district and is now administered as part of Huangpu.
From the travel guide. Select a place for details, a map and what is nearby.
人民公园, Renmin Gongyuan
What was once the horse-racing track on the edge of the British district is now a large and busy downtown park. The old track's clubhouse now houses a museum and a fine restaurant. Under the square at the edge of the park is a metro station that is one of the hubs of the Shanghai system and one of the busiest subway stations on Earth; lines , and meet there. Nearby are several large high-end malls and department stores.
外滩万国建筑群
The International Settlement was built North and West of the Old City, starting in the 1840s. In colonial-period Western books, "Shanghai" means that settlement. The Bund’s waterfront complex gathers early 20th-century buildings in Neoclassical, Art Deco, Gothic and other European styles, which once hosted foreign banks, consulates and trading companies.
石库门建筑
Shikumen are unique Shanghai lane houses that blend Western terrace structures with traditional Jiangnan courtyard layouts, marked by their distinctive stone-framed gateways. For shikumen buildings, visit:
花园洋房
Garden villas in the former French Concession were high-end residences built mainly in the 1920s–1940s, featuring spacious plans, private gardens and modern domestic facilities. Many of these well-preserved properties are former homes of famous historical figures. Key sites are found on Wukang Road, Hengshan Road, and within the Sinan Mansions.
沪剧
Shanghai Opera is a national intangible cultural heritage and the most representative local opera of Shanghai. It originated from the folk songs and ditties sung by farmers on both sides of the Huangpu River in the late 19th century, and gradually developed into a formal opera as Shanghai grew into a modern city. Different from grand classical Chinese operas, Huju Opera focuses on the daily lives of ordinary Shanghai people, with plots mostly about family stories, urban life changes and ordinary people’s emotions. Its melodies are soft and close to daily speech, and performers sing and speak in authentic Shanghai dialect. The performing style is natural and down-to-earth, without overly exaggerated movements or costumes. Tourists can watch Huju Opera performances at small theaters in old Shanghai neighborhoods or special opera halls, such as the Shanghai Huju Theater, to feel the real life atmosphere of old Shanghai.
上海评弹
Pingtan is a traditional narrative singing art that spread from Suzhou in the mid-19th century. It is a combination of "Pinghua" (storytelling without singing) and "Tanci" (storytelling with singing). Usually, one or two artists perform on stage, accompanied by traditional Chinese musical instruments: the pipa (a four-stringed lute) and the sanxian (a three-stringed lute). Artists tell classic Chinese folk tales, historical stories and daily life anecdotes in soft Shanghai or Suzhou dialect, with gentle and melodious tunes. The performance atmosphere is quiet and elegant, and many local people like to listen to Pingtan in teahouses while drinking tea. Tourists can find authentic Pingtan performances at Xiangyin Shuyuan (a famous Pingtan performance venue) and cultural teahouses in Shanghai, experiencing the gentle cultural charm of regions south of the Yangtze River.
Tours of the city, for couples and families.
In addition to a plethora of watering holes ranging from bars, lounges, dives and world-class clubs, there is a pub crawl that arranges transportation to various popular venues. For non-Mandarin speakers or those in town for just a few days, this service takes the guesswork out of finding the hippest, most interesting spots that bustle with expatriates and locals.
Visa-free transit
Visitors from 54 countries who are transiting through Shanghai are permitted to visit without a visa for up to 240 hours.
By plane
Shanghai has two main airports, with Shanghai Pudong International Airport being the main international gateway, and Hongqiao being the main domestic airport, but also serving some international…
By train
Shanghai has a few major train stations including:
By car
Good modern highways link Shanghai to nearby cities in East China, including Nanjing, Suzhou, Hangzhou and Ningbo.
By bus
There are several long-distance bus stations in Shanghai. You should try to get the tickets as early as possible.
By boat
There are ferry services from Kobe and Osaka (Japan) weekly.
Metro cards
International credit cards (Visa, Mastercard, AmEx, JCB) including mobile payment apps can now be used to "tap to pay" on all Shanghai metro lines. They are not accepted by buses or most taxis.
By metro
Shanghai Metro is one of the largest and busiest metro systems in the world. As of mid-2024, there are over 800 km (500 miles) of line and over 500 stations.
By bus
The bus system is cheaper and much more extensive than the metro, and some routes operate after the closing time of the metro (route numbers beginning with 3 are the night buses that run past 23:00).
By taxi
Taxi ("出租车" chūzūchē or choo-tzoo-chuh) is a good choice for transportation in the city, especially during off-peak hours.
On foot
Shanghai is a good city for walking, especially in the older parts of the city such as the Bund, but be aware this city is incredibly dynamic and pavements can be obstructed or unpleasant to walk…
By ferry
A useful ferry runs between the Bund (from a ferry pier a few blocks south of Nanjing Road next to the KFC restaurant) and Lujiazui financial district in Pudong (the terminal is about 10 minutes…
By bicycle
For locals, bicycles are slowly being eclipsed by electric scooters.
By car
Driving is definitely not recommended in Shanghai for a variety of reasons, even for those with driving experience in the country.
By motorcycle and scooter
While motorcycle rental is practically non-existent, for long-term visitors e-bikes and scooters are a cheap, fast, practical way of getting around.
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Shanghai (Minhang) · International · SHA
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