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In the Palazzo Galvani – a 14th-century building. This building, an old hospital, houses a comprehensive collection of antiquities from civilizations and cultures including ancient Egypt (mummies and sarcophagi), Iron Age Villanova culture, artifacts from Etruscan Velzna, funerary art, terracotta urns, ancient vases and items from Roman times. Do not miss the bronze Certosa jar, which is over 1,500 years old.
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It had to be the largest church in the world and in the shape of a huge Latin cross, but was only completed the long arm and with the unfinished façade. The basilica is still one of the most beautiful examples of Italian Gothic style and is one of the greatest monuments in the city. The Basilica houses an invaluable number of treasures such as the sundial by Cassini and Guglielmini, which indicates the exact period of the current year at all times, the "S. Rocco" by Parmigianino and the marvelous Bolognini Chapel. From the left nave of the basilica, the visitor can gain access to the Museum where many bas-reliefs are collected. There is a rare and controversial depiction of the Islamic Prophet Muhammad, which is why the building is under armed watch 24/7.
The last palace to be built in Piazza Maggiore. Its current Renaissance-style palace façade dates to the 16th century.
Archiginnasio of Bologna
Once the main building of the University of Bologna, it houses the Biblioteca comunale dell'Archiginnasio (Archiginnasio Municipal Library). The major attractions of the palace which can be visited are the amazing Teatro Anatomico (Anatomical Theatre) and the Sala dello Stabat Mater (Stabat Mater Hall). Both are well worth visiting.
Sancturary of Saint Maria
This church contains "The Lamentation", a life-size terracotta group sculpture, Renaissance masterpiece by Niccolò Dell'Arca.