Prominent city of the ancient Indus valley civilization (present-day Gujarat, India)
Photo: Abhilashdvbk, CC BY-SA 3.0 via Wikimedia Commons
Lothal in Central Gujarat is one of India's Indus Valley sites.
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The site is well-planned and divided into distinct zones: the Acropolis (Upper Town), Raised on a high platform to protect against floods, housing civic rulers with paved baths and underground drains; the Lower Town, divided into commercial and residential quarters, featuring bead-making workshops, coppersmith shops, and standard brick residences; the Dockyard, a massive rectangular basin lined with baked bricks, engineered with inlet channels and sluice gates to manage tidal flows; the Warehouse, a large structure situated near the acropolis used for inspect and store cargo.
Located adjacent to the ruins, this ASI-maintained museum houses around 800 artifacts recovered from the site. Key exhibits include Indus seals with animal motifs and Harappan script, micro-beads, copper tools, and terracotta figurines, painted pottery depicting scenes, a scale model reconstruction of the ancient port city.
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An ambitious world-class heritage complex being developed adjacent to the site to highlight India's maritime history. Phase I is under construction.
The entire archaeological site and museum complex is best explored on foot. Wear comfortable walking shoes, carry a hat or umbrella, and stay hydrated, as there is limited shade across the excavated ruins.
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