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Photo: kim traynor, CC BY-SA 2.0 via Wikimedia Commons
Museum set in a colliery, active 1891-1981. An ex-miner takes you down the pit to the coal-face.
The National Mining Museum Scotland was created in 1984, to preserve the physical surface remains of Lady Victoria Colliery at Newtongrange, Midlothian, Scotland. The colliery, sunk by the Lothian Coal Company in 1890, came into production in 1894. It was nationalised in 1947 with the formation of the National Coal Board, and had closed in 1981.
© OpenStreetMap contributors
Built 1853, the Corn Exchange (which runs through to High St) has been refurbished as a museum.
The palace is an imposing 1702 sandstone mansion which replaced an earlier castle; you can admire from outside but can't visit within. It's owned by the Dukes of Buccleuch but leased long-term to the University of Wisconsin as a study centre. You can visit the surrounding country park free daily 7AM-7PM, but "Fort Douglas" is an adventure park which, ominously, is demand-priced, and costs more for children than for adults.