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Photo: Geni, CC BY-SA 4.0 via Wikimedia Commons
Vinovia stood astride Dere Street, the Roman road into Scotland, at the point it crossed the River Wear. It was probably built around 79 AD and continuously garrisoned until the Romans abandoned Britain in 410. A civilian settlement grew up around the fort and remained inhabited into early medieval times. The site is more plundered than excavated - masonry and ornaments were purloined by Binchester Hall the nearby farm manor, or used as pit props. What remains includes two bathhouses, the commander's quarters, defensive structures and a section of road.
Vinovia or Vinovium was a Roman fort and settlement situated just over 1 mile (1.6 km) to the north of the town of Bishop Auckland on the banks of the River Wear in County Durham, England. The fort was the site of a hamlet until the late Middle Ages, but the modern-day village of Binchester is about 2 miles (3 km) to the east, near Spennymoor. The ruins are now known as the Binchester Roman Fort.
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Outdoor pageant of British history, on Saturday summer evenings. You pay extra for parking and can't bring your own food.
The castle was home to the Bishops of Durham from 1183 to 2012, each of whom embellished it in that period's style. The predominant style is Restoration Gothick; highlights are the Throne Room, the 17th-century chapel, and the 13 paintings by Zurbarán in the Long Dining Room. Visit by guided tour. The Faith Museum (included) explores the role of religious faith in history. You can also ascend the modern tower for views, and explore the Walled Garden and deer park.
One of only four intact Anglo-Saxon churches in England, built maybe 675 AD. Roman inscriptions and workmanship indicate masonry recycled from Vinovia. It's tall and narrow, with room to seat 65, and fell derelict after 1863 when a new parish church was completed. Ironically it was saved by falling church attendance: in 1963 the newer church was in need of major repair and had a dwindling congregation, so that was demolished and the refurbishment was of the Saxon church, which remains active Anglican.
Railway museum on the site of the world's first steam-hauled railway. A new locomotive hall is under construction, to open in 2025 for the 200th anniversary of that first train.
Built in the 14th century, but much prettified in the 17th and 18th centuries in Jacobean style. It has a large art collection and extensive grounds.