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Photo: Nevit Dilmen (talk), CC BY-SA 3.0 via Wikimedia Commons
Largest known underground city in Turkey, accommodating 20,000 people with an array of living, working and other spaces going down five levels. It was only discovered in 1963.
Derinkuyu, also known as Malakopi, is an ancient multi-level underground city near the modern town of Derinkuyu in Nevşehir Province, Turkey, extending to a depth of approximately 85 metres (280 ft). It is large enough to have sheltered as many as 20,000 people together with their livestock and food stores. It is the largest excavated underground city in Turkey and is one of several underground complexes found throughout Cappadocia.
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This has 4 underground floors open to visitors: the second level had a church, the third was the main living space, and the fourth had storage and metal-working shops. Tunnels even linked the city to Derinkuyu. Bus from Nevsehir costs 70TL (09/2025)
Smaller than the better known underground cities, but still a substantial complex, with few tourists. Four access tunnels converge on a central hall.
Rock City is a great labyrinth of underground chambers on castle hill, most exposed on the east slope and accessed by boardwalks from Kaya Mosque, but probably right around in areas not yet excavated. The earliest remains are 6th century AD, and it was inhabited into modern times; its extent was only realised in 2015 when a ramshackle shanty town was cleared from the hill. Open for visitors since 2024 this place is not so overrun by tourists as Derinkuyu and others, it's more beautiful and easier to reach.
Hilltop citadel built by the Seljuks around 1100 AD, probably over an older Roman / Byzantine bastion. It's just a curtain wall around a courtyard, but has good views of the city.
Depicts archeological, historic and ethnographic life of the region. It's closed for reconstruction.