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Photo: Vikiçizer, CC BY-SA 3.0 via Wikimedia Commons
The most substantial of the remains of Roman Seleucia, a channel and tunnel hacked through the rock for 1.4 km to divert a river. That was partly for flood control but mostly to prevent the harbour being trashed by river silt and debris. Work started under Emperor Vespasian (ruled 69-79 AD), continued under Titus (r 79-81) and was completed under Antoninus Pius (r 138–161). Legionnaires, sailors, prisoners, slaves and other expendables laboured away here. You enter the deep channel (nowadays dry except after rainfall), and with a flashlight can continue into the tunnel. Most visitors turn back after 100 m but you can go right through.
The Vespasianus Titus Tunnel is an ancient water tunnel built for the city of Seleucia Pieria, the port of Antioch, in the 1st and 2nd centuries AD.
© OpenStreetMap contributors
They were preparing to build a hotel in 2009 when they found remains of ancient Antioch, so they mounted the hotel on steel pillars and created a museum below. There's an ancient road pavement, a ruined bathhouse, and Roman floor mosaics.
Brilliant collection of classical mosaics, coins, sarcophagi, and Iron and Bronze Ages artefacts. It suffered minor damage in 2023 and is being repaired rather than rebuilt.
Bayazid Bastami (d 875 AD) was a Sufi mystic. The site on an outcrop was originally the castle of Darb-ı Sak, or Trapessac under the Knights Templar, and later a retreat for ascetic dervishes. One of the sarcophagi within is said to hold his remains, but his name means he came from Bastam in Semnan Province of Iran and the shrine there has a stronger claim. The Alaybeyli shrine was badly damaged in the 2023 earthquake and restoration continues.