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The Collegiate Church of Santa María del Mercado is the main religious monument of Berlanga de Duero and a key example of 16th‑century Castilian ecclesiastical architecture. Built ex novo between roughly 1526 and 1530 on the initiative of Íñigo Fernández de Velasco and María de Tovar, it replaced an older church on the same dedication and was designed by architect Juan de Rasines at a reported cost of 30,000 ducats. The spacious interior has three wide naves, a transept, an apse and eight lateral chapels arranged around the arms and head of the church, lit by elongated Gothic windows and semicircular arches above the chapels. Eight main columns in two orders separate the naves, while twelve half‑embedded brick columns mark the cruciform layout and frame the side chapels. The polygonal main chapel occupies the full width of the central nave and half of the side naves, pierced by a series of arches that form the presbytery. Beneath the high altarpiece lies the tomb of the first Marquis of Berlanga, while other arches contain further burials of this noble house and notable prelates, including the bishops of Coria and Panama. Declared a historic‑artistic monument in 1931, it is now protected as a cultural heritage site.
It is located in the old slaughterhouse and features pieces belonging to different churches in the town, as well as a series of explanatory panels, models and an audiovisual presentation to show the splendor lost in the Hermitage of San Baudelio due to the plundering of the paintings through a virtual reconstruction of what the hermitage would have looked like in its origins.