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You can visit the coal mine on a guided tour. It's said to be the world's only operating coal mine that can be visited, and it's also the northernmost in the world. Tours are available in English, Norwegian, French and Russian.
A small Orthodox wooden chapel, erected in 1996 to commemorate the 140 victims of a plane that crashed while bringing in a new shift of miners to Barentsburg.
It may be only the world's second most northernly statue of Lenin (the top spot still belongs to Pyramiden), but it's still a popular spot to take a picture.
Stuffed polar bears, a dinosaur footprint and lots of rocks.
Look up on the hillside above Barentsburg — there's a five-pointed star and the Communist-era slogan Миру Мир/Miru Mir, or "Peace to the World". The sign also serves a useful function during winter, as when the star becomes visible again, the polar night has ended and summer is coming.
The main exhibition isn't about art, it showcases whalers' items from clothes to carved Orthodox crosses all the way back from the 17th century as well as parts of the wooden ship that Willem Barents expedition used when sailing the waters in 1596. Temporary exhibitions include traditional and folk art by Arctic peoples and paintings of Svalbard by Anna Mikhailova, a Russian painter.