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World-famous philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche (1844–1900) was born in the parsonage of Röcken (as his father was the Lutheran pastor of that village). The father died when young Friedrich was five and the family moved to nearby Naumburg where there is a more comprehensive Nietzsche museum and archive. The memorial complex consists of the birth house, the church where Nietzsche was christened, his tomb and a modern group of sculptures ("Bacchanal"). The small exhibition (three rooms) was modernised in 2003 and deals with his childhood, his relationship with Christianity, and the history of his tomb.
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The Swedish king Gustavus II Adolphus died in the battle of 1632, therefore most of the tourists visiting the town are Swedes. Initially the memorial just consisted of a granite boulder placed at the place where the fallen king's body was found. During a revival of veneration for Gustavus Adolphus in 19th-century Protestant Prussia, a baldachin designed by Karl Friedrich Schinkel (architect of many representative buildings in central Berlin) was added in 1833. The neighbouring Gustavus Adolphus chapel was endowed by the Swedish consul to Germany in 1907. There was an urban legend in East Germany that the memorial was an extraterritorial enclave of the Kingdom of Sweden, but there is no truth in it.